Battered Women s Syndrome As A Legal Defense - 4018 Words

Abstract In this analysis, I will attempt to cover the basis of Battered Women’s Syndrome as a legal defense. This will cover the historical context of Battered Women’s Syndrome as a legal defense, which will of course require a brief review of what battered women’s syndrome is by using experts in the field, usually psychologists. When reviewing the historical context of such a subversive topic, it is essential to the structure that we look at actual cases involving battered women such as abuse being reported and cases that have actually been brought to trial as well as the ending verdicts as the factors that may have caused the outcome. We must also look at different cases as to which the defense was used, such as situations where a battered women’s husband was sleeping, or any other relative situation as to which there was question of the imminence of a threat. An Empirical Political Analysis of Battered Women’s Syndrome as a Legal Defense Before looking at the use of battered women’s syndrome as a legal defense, it would help to look at the definition of who exactly a battered woman is. In Daniel Saunders’ research of rates of husband and wife violence, he uses the term â€Å"battered women† in the broad sense to mean female recipients of any form of physical force that is intended to hurt. Therefore, Battered Women’s Syndrome is the name given to the measurable psychological changes that may occur after prolonged terms of abuse and is considered a subgroup ofShow MoreRelatedBattered Women’s Syndrome Plea and a Defendants Financial Dependence: Evaluating Legal Decisions1383 Words   |  6 PagesWhen battered woman’s syndrome has been used as a plea of self-defense, especially in cases of homicide, it has highly been scrutinized. According to recent research, characteristics associated with the syndrome form a standard that jurors use to judge battered women. This study would evaluate how characteristics of a defendant would affect a juror’s legal decision-making, in a case of a woman pleading not guilty under terms of self-defense, who were suffering from battered woman’s syndrome. ToRead MoreBattered Woman Syndrome : The Perfect Defense Or Perfect Murder?1652 Words   |  7 PagesBattered Woman Syndrome: The Perfect Defense Or The Perfect Murder The standards of women and their rights have changed vastly over the years. In the 1800’s women were subject to whatever treatment a man felt necessary. Self-defense was not heard of and women did not dare stand up for themselves. In the modern age of today women have the right to be treated just like everyone else is, with respect. Although women have more rights in today’s society and have the right to stand up for themselves thatRead MoreLavallees Case805 Words   |  4 Pages Criminal Law What principles with respect to women battering and self-defense have been established in Lavallees case? Most of the case law involving female offenders depend on the Supreme Court of Canadas verdict in Lavallee, which accepted proof that an offender had encountered violence elicited by the victim, , Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS), as applicable to the problem of self-defense. In the Lavallee case, proof was disclosed demonstrating that the offender had been exposed to years ofRead MoreJustice For The Beaten Down Victims Of Murder925 Words   |  4 Pagesself-defense cross the line and become murder worthy of punishment? Is it after you finally shoot your alcoholic, abusive husband to death because he choked you for the 2nd time in a week while you were holding your 7 month old son, and your 4 year old daughter witnessed the entire horrific altercation? How different my life could have been after May 17, 2014 if I had defended myself to the point where I took the life of a coward who abuses women. When classifying self-defense where a battered womanRead MoreBattered Woman Syndrome And T he National Institute Of Justice1585 Words   |  7 Pagesof Justice, one in four women in the United States has experienced domestic violence during her lifetime (Battered Woman Syndrome, 2012). This type of abuse can be fatal and detrimental to one’s personal growth. When woman are repeatedly abused, they show different signs, symptoms and general characteristics. These characteristics are defined as Battered Woman Syndrome. Battered Woman Syndrome, or BTS, was a theory that was developed in the 1970’s (Battered Woman Syndrome, 2010). As stated beforeRead MoreDomestic Violence Is Not Only About Using Physical Force2501 Words   |  11 Pagesabuse, threats, intimidation and psychological abuse. Now what happens when a battered woman commits murder? Should battered women that kill their abusers serve a life sentence? Throughout this paper, I will discuss how forensic psychology contributes to the investigation of self – defense crimes. In addition, I will also discuss how expert witness testimony may help lessen charges against women who kill in self – defense. II. History of Forensic Psychology The American Board of Forensic PsychologyRead MoreThe Issue Of Battered Woman Syndrome Essay1926 Words   |  8 PagesI have known several women to be in abusive relationships, in either physically abusive, verbally abusive, or emotionally abusive or combinations of those mentioned. I have wondered why these women remain in these abusive relationships when all they do is complain about how badly they are being treated. More importantly, I wonder what these women will do when they finally break and fight back, potentially ending the life of their abuser, what will happen to them then? In finding research, I startedRead More The Battered Woman Syndrome and Criminal Law Essay3845 Words   |  16 Pagesprovide a defense that adequately protects women suffering from Battered Womens Syndrome. Battered Womens Syndrome, or BWS, is a very complex psychological problem facing criminal courts today and has caused great debate on whether or not it should even be allowed in the courtroom. Alt hough the syndrome has been given more consideration as a warranted issue by society, those who create our laws and control our courtrooms, have not developed a defense that sufficiently protects these women. UnitedRead MoreA Cross Sectional Study On Women1648 Words   |  7 PagesStudy Between Battered Women Who Endure and Relinquish Violence Josiah Marie B. Carreon AB Psychology ABSTRACT For the past 30 years, violence had increase against women within abusive relationships, why women stay and endure the pain and why they relinquish violence. Women who are being battered share certain observable characteristics. Speaking with a battered woman should reveal these characteristics and help to identify her as a sufferer of Battered Women Syndrome. INTRODUCTIONRead MoreBattered Woman Syndrome As A Defense852 Words   |  4 PagesBattered Woman Syndrome As a Defense Battered Woman Syndrome is a medical condition used in legal defense by victims who have killed their abusive spouse. Years of living within the â€Å"Cycle of Violence,† can alter a victim’s state of psychosis, leading them to a constant state of intimate-terror. In recently recognizing this syndrome, the courts will accept a victim’s plea of â€Å"Battered Woman Syndrome† as a valid defence after killing their abusive spouse. According to the Domestic Abuse Shelter, â€Å"In

The Effects Of Media On Body Image - 1424 Words

Media holds such high standards in today s society, and media as a whole has gotten so much power throughout the years. There are so many different forms of media in today s world: newspapers, magazines, televisions, the hundreds of websites on the Internet, social media applications, computers, and novels. Media advertises thousands of different things, but something that has stayed consistent over the years is advertisement on body image. Media advertises a specific body type, pushes different dietary needs to achieve this body type and thus creating the standard of in order to be beautiful, this particular body type must be achieved. However, what advertisers seem to be neglecting is the effect their advertisements are having on its viewers. The constant push to achieve a certain body type has affected the health of thousands of people around the world, and directly affecting the eating disorder epidemic. What exactly is an eating disorder? There are multiple different types of ea ting disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, eating-disorder-not-otherwise-specified, and binge eating disorder. These are just some of the more common eating disorders people can suffer from. Anorexia nervosa according to National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA), is â€Å"characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss.† In other words a person who suffers from anorexia nervosa refuses to eat in hopes to lose weight at an excessive pace. Bulimia nervosa is â€Å"characterized by aShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1484 Words   |  6 Pages Media has developed to become omnipresent in the day to day lives of the westernized societies. The media is considered a gigantic umbrella that houses a plethora of different outlets underneath it such as television, music videos, magazines, commercials, video games and social media. In this paper, the effects of media and various media types are examined to understand their potential outcomes. Focu sing on how and if media affects body image in girls and women, the themes of dieting awarenessRead MoreEffects of Media on Body Image855 Words   |  3 PagesEffects of Media on Body Image Discussion This study was conducted to analyze the impact of media, mainly fashion magazines, on how women perceived the idealized body weight and shape as well as the impact of media on the decision to diet or initiate an exercise program. Twenty working class women were given questionnaires at different times. The exposure to fashion magazines was assessed by determining whether the participant was a high level frequency viewer of fashion magazines, viewing themRead MoreMedia Effects Body Image1656 Words   |  7 PagesKoenig April 6, 2014 The Effects of Mass Media on African American Women Body Images Over the past 10 years, mass media and the access to social networks has evolved substantially causing the effects of negative self-image and what is considered beautiful. Body image expectations for both African-American male and female share the battles of society’s expectations, yet African American women body images come with a stricter and more unhealthy stigma; growth of social media such as Facebook, InstagramRead MoreMedia Effects On Body Image Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesSpecific age groups and mostly women have been studied regarding media effects on body image. These studies did not test the external stimuli created by peer groups that have an impact on a person’s self-idealization. This study addressed individual age groups divided by gender in order to determine how much media effects body idealization and if gender peer group opinions impact self-idealization when viewing media models. Methods The methods used in this study incorporated individuals into groupsRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1453 Words   |  6 Pagestoday that media and body image are closely related. Particularly, how the body image advertising portrays effects our own body image. It has been documented in adolescents as they are more at risk for developing unhealthy attitudes toward their bodies. They are at a time where they re focused on developing their individual identities, making them susceptible to social pressure and media images. A major reason many people have a negative body image is because of the impact that media has had onRead MoreEffects Of Media On Body Image1544 Words   |  7 Pages Bayer, A.M, Body image is the internal representation of one’s outer appearance which reflects physical and perpetual dimensions. For the purpose of this paper, body image can be defined as a person s perception, thoughts and feeling about her body, this can be altered by significantly altered by social experiences. This paper explores my personal experience and findings of empirical studies that examine the effects of media on body image in young women. Internalization of body ideals that areRead MoreThe Effects of Media on Body Image and Body Dissatisfaction.3566 Words   |  15 Pagesadverts in relation to body image in the media than realistic. Also, whether or not there were a higher number of unrealistic adverts in female media in relation to body image than in male media. This was carried out by looking at a number of adverts in different male and female health magazines and scoring the amount of unrealistic or realistic adverts found. The results found that there was no significant difference between the amounts of unrealistic/ realistic adverts on body image in the female magazinesRead MoreEssay on Media Effects on Body Image617 Words   |  3 PagesWith the tremendous effect the media has on men womens body image/self-esteem, there are things the medi a and those being effected can do to limit the impact. The media can change the portrayal of models in magazines, television, billboards, etc. By portraying unrealistic models, studies can conclude that it causes a negative effect on men and women leading to eating disorders, self-esteem problems, and possibly even sometimes more dramatic actions such as suicide (Groesz, Levine, and MurnenRead MoreMedia s Effect On The Body Image902 Words   |  4 Pagesalready confined with how the media set unrealistic standards for the female population. This leads girls to harm their own body, including eating disorders such as bulimia, and anorexia. The most prominent cause of these acts is advertisements. Advertisements are everywhere and they have the power to promote, sell, encourage, and give unrealistic ideals of the common people. Advertisements and media images have a negative effect on the way women view their body image which leads to self-harm. EveryRead MoreThe Effect Of Media On Womens Body Image1247 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch on how the role of media affects how women perceive body image. I was interested in knowing the ways in which the media influenced the ways in which they perceive themselves and their beauty. In order to perform my research, I conducted surveys of female students ranging from ages 18-28, carried out experimental research on them to test whether they feel worse about their bodies after being exposed to thin media models than after being exposed to other types of images as well as conducting secondary

Alecia Moore free essay sample

The forms of students plagiarism generally are summarized into three main ways: coping other authors material and declaring it as their own, referring to others argument without correct citations or with high proportion of copied original words, paraphrasing academic articles from different sources without providing with accurate references (Park, 2003). According to the theory of Payne and Manta (1994), many students don not consider academic plagiarism as serious as cheating on examinations, which means that most of them view academic cheating not as a real plagiarism with strong offence.Generally, numerous students chose to ignore academic cheating behaviors of their classmates and friends rather than scorn it. This essay examines four main reasons for plagiarism in terms of limited academic skills, pressure and competition, student attitude and culture differently. Main body Limited academic skills emitted academic skills including lack of understanding, poor academic writing and researching skill, as a common cause of plagiarism, applies to all students. One difficulty for students avoiding plagiarism is didst anguishing the ambiguous and murky borderland between borrowing and stealing. Park (2003) argued that many students are lack of the ability to clarify the degree of plagiarism, which means they do not clearly acknowledge how much original words need to be altered to avoid the charge of plagiarism. On the other hand, the poor academic writing ability of student forces them choose the method of patchwork writing which is similar with plagiarism via copying a whole paragraph from the material, replacing words with synonyms, changing the sentence order and grammatical structure (Howard, 1993).Moreover, students are easy to plagiarism because of deficient correct in-text citation for common knowledge in their essay. According to Assured-Negroes (2010) survey, a considerable proportion about 52% of students think there is sigh relevance between plagiarism and sources on the Internet. The easy accessibility of material on the Internet provides students who are lack of researching skills chance to copy the sources they need without distinguishing whether the material is academic or not.Personal organization and attitude Arranging moderate and proper time to individual assignment is always a hardship for many students. They are not clearly acknowledge how much time should be assigned into their homework and overestimate their ability to finish one assignment. Students surveyed by Assured-Negro (2010) monsters that one factor relevant with their plagiarism is the limited time to accomplish their academic assignments. Many students generally list social activities, college society and sports ahead of homework their schedule, and start it until deadline coming.Facing the pressure of deadline, copying from others work is regarded as an efficient method to accomplish numerous and complicated assignments in their views. Moreover, there exists a group of students who view copying online information is not considered as an act of popularizing because those sources is open to all people (Assured-Negro, 2010). Many students hold such opinion that they just use the public information rather than stealing that. From the perspective of personal attitude, many students imagine to be fortunate sons who are lucky enough not be found out their popularizing behavior by tutor.In sum, poor time management and incorrect personal attitude towards copying acco unt for high percentage in the cause of students plagiarism. Pressure and competition The pressure from family and prospective competition in career are also drivers of plagiarism for students. In Inveigles view (2010), students cannot afford for the failure in their education with accepting huge financial support from family. High grade in their academic education is the promise of high salary in future and easy entrance to extensive enterprise in students perspectives especially international students.The stress from family and career sometimes drives students to plagiarism even they are warned not to copy others work and not to pass others idea off as them own. Because, paraphrasing is really tough for the students who use English as a second language with partial understanding of original text. There is no wonder that hose students copy others ideas and materials at risk of being judged as plagiarism in order to gain high scores to relieve their stress from family and enhance their prospective competition in career (Manville, 2010).Cultur e Plagiarism occurs in international students frequently because it is difficult for them to adapt to the different cultural citation styles in a short period. The example presenting in Inveigles (2010) book showed that a high proportion that Chinese students do not use in-text reference when they write essay in their homeland university before coming to Britain. The lack of referencing experience and unfamiliar with Britain writing habit improve the rate of plagiarism by Chinese students in the process of studying in ELK.This phenomenon does not only happen to Chinese students. And the various standard of plagiarism in different cultures is also considered into a cause of popularizing. For instance, in Vietnam, the behavior of simply copying others material is usually regarded as stealing. However, students in Vietnam do not provide the in-text citation in their essay only listing the bibliography. And this behavior is not considered as plagiarism in their university culture because all preferences are listed in the bibliography at the end of essay (Ha, 2006 cited in Manville, 2010). Therefore, deficient referencing practice and various cultural standard of plagiarism is the two main culture factors leading to the high rate of popularizing by international students. Conclusion To be concluded, it is impossible to exterminate the act of popularizing by student in university. As mentioned in the main body, limited academic skills, poor personal time management and attitude lead to many students to regard plagiarism as an efficient expedient to complete their assignments before deadline and get high grade.

Marijuana, heroin and prescription opiate abuse and how are they related to the society

Summary of the article The article explores abuse of prescription drugs in the United States. It starts by asserting that opioid addiction levels are quite high in the country. Consequently, it compares the level of abuse of opioid to that of marijuana. The article goes on to state that addiction to opioid is quite predominant in the country. Therefore, drug abuse is a major concern. The article gives record of drug abuse in the past decade, which is quite alarming.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marijuana, heroin and prescription opiate abuse and how are they related to the society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, it provides statistical records of abuse in the recent past. This shows a correlation that raises concern on drug abuse in American society. The article attributes these changes partly to modifications in prescription practices, increased access, and alterations in formulations. Of great concern is the use of internet, which has brought drugs close to potential abusers. Moreover, long-term use of opioid for treatment has also attributed to addiction or abuse by some patients. In this regard, the article explores significant areas of research that have the capability of minimizing addiction or abuse of prescriptive drugs. Moreover, it looks at modes of detecting and managing addiction in time to avert potential abuse of drugs by patients. Likewise, it encourages works to develop opioid analgesics with capability of reducing the chances of possible abuse. Moreover, the article explores the possibilities of developing analgesics, which are non-opioid but effective and safe to users. However, given the high rate of drug abuse in teenagers, the article recommends urgent research on the best treatment modes for pain that is observed in most adolescents. Besides, it explores ways of initiating urgent research on methods of acquiring preventive approaches that would minimiz e abuse and addiction. The article considers it essential that drug abuse among adolescents be given priority in finding ways of prevention since they are the most affected group. The article concludes by recommending urgent research on ways of preventing addiction and abuse of drugs in order to save the future of American society (Compton Volkow, 2006, p. 103–107). Core issues and the wider context framing these issues The core issues mentioned in the article revolves around addiction and abuse of opioid agents as well as its relation to the use of heroin and marijuana. Moreover, the article explores its effect on American society. The article focuses mainly on adolescents who are notorious for abusing these drugs. Moreover, it gives a brief but detailed history of drug abuse, especially the use of opioid agents in the country. It alludes to the fact that addiction to prescription drugs is steadily rising in the country with statistics showing that secondary school students , especially 12th grades, are the most affected. In this regard, it lists marijuana as the most commonly abused drug in adolescents of that age group. Interestingly it lists opioid agents as the second in line after marijuana. This shows the extent to which opioid agents affect society through abuse in youths.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, it mentions the fact that existing research on abuse of opioid research is limited, especially in areas concerning use of the terms dependence, misuse, addiction, or abuse. In this regard, it recommends definitions that specify the mode of opioid abuse (Compton Volkow, 2006, p. 103–107). The article also gives striking statistics on the records of abuse of opioid agents by adolescents in the United States. For instance, it states that about 4.7% household residents of the country have, at one time or another, abused opioid agents. This represents 11 million adolescents over 12 years old. Interestingly, about 13.7% of the aforementioned have also validated its symptoms as given by DSM-IV. In essence, the article uses statistics from research findings around the country to validate drug abuse. It also looks at the patterns of prescriptions and its interrelation with abuse or diversion. It also looks into the change in prescription that is suspected to cause opioid abuse. The article also explores the increasing access to opioids and the drugs to adolescents with advent of the internet. The internet has brought drugs close to potential abusers through online stores that run such cartels. The article also investigates the variables that contribute to addiction or abuse of these drugs. Consequently, the article also researches on scientific questions, which calls for urgency of research on drug abuse among adolescents. The article; therefore, raises several core issues ranging from validation of abuse among adole scents, importance of opioid analgesics, patterns of prescription, increased access, and the urgency for research and development of corrective mechanisms (Compton Volkow, 2006, p. 103–107). Analysis of main arguments The article begins by validating or collecting evidences related to abuse of drugs by adolescents. In fact, it begins with a wider view of drug abuse that includes abuse of marijuana, opioid analgesic, and heroin. It utilizes credible sources to validate the view that drug addiction to opioid analgesic is quite rife in the United States. The article uses sources such as Johnston et al., among others to validate its arguments. The article also gives its take on the possible causes of increased abuse of prescription drugs. In this regard, it gives reasons such as easy access (internet), changes in drug prescription and formulation. Moreover, it suggests that prolonged use of the drugs also work to influence addiction.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marijuana, heroin and prescription opiate abuse and how are they related to the society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These arguments are also based on research done by other bodies known to be credible and non-partisan. This makes the article’s arguments quite positive although there has to be other driving forces in the context. These may include peer pressure, ignorance, poor prescription procedures, among others. In essence, these sources may be the main ones but they are not final (Compton Volkow, 2006, p. 103–107). The article also tries to propose possible ways of minimizing abuse of opioid analgesics among adolescents. In doing this, it proposes extensive research on ways of minimizing risks of drug abuse. These include developing drugs that minimize possibilities of abuse, developing non-opioid analgesics to minimize abuse, and developing ways of detecting as well as managing addictions. The articl e also stresses the need to urgently research on methods of treating adolescents that suffer from pain in order to control diversion. The article; therefore, emphasizes the need to minimize drug abuse among the adolescents. This is important although focus should also be aimed at other members of society as they contribute heavily on the development of adolescents. For instance, parents, teachers, and mentors who deal with this group of teenagers need to be educated on ways of helping to minimize its abuse among them. Moreover, health official that prescribe use of these drugs should be encouraged to provide follow-ups on patients to minimize abuse. In essence, the article supports these arguments adequately although other stakeholders like parents and health officials are not mentioned. The article makes some assumptions when dealing with adolescents. For instance, peer pressure, which is most common in this age group, is rarely mentioned. Furthermore, the teachers and parents as w ell as other mentors such as health officials and the elderly are ignored. These important personalities can contribute heavily in restructuring behavior of adolescents. The article is thus biased towards research and findings instead of other practicalities like influence from friends and mentors, among others. The authors argue that research needs to be done urgently to help reduce abuse of prescription drugs. Moreover, they use statistics on prevalence and cause of drug abuse to support the urgent need for research. Its data is sourced form credible organizations such as APA, among others to support their arguments. The authors also use graphs and figures to elaborate on strengths of their arguments. They conclude with a restatement of their facts and arguments with a clear understanding of objectives. The author’s arguments are mainly based on scientific research and findings as well as moral responsibility to minimize drug abuse among adolescents (Compton Volkow, 2006, p. 103–107).Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Quality of content The article is well researched with arguments that depict the credible sources utilized. The article is scholarly and authoritative given its backups that are derived from authoritative sources. Moreover, its quality is indisputable given the extent of research and work allocated to it. The authors are also well conversed with the topic of study since they boast of valuable experience in this field. Based on the research conducted, it is essential to note that this paper is fair and accurate. However, it is also important to note that other stakeholders like mentors, parents, and teachers are ignored in these arguments even though they have big influence on adolescents. Issues in the article are clear and concise although others may have been left out given that the mentioned stakeholders are ignored. The paper also exemplifies on the possible causes of increasing abuse of drugs among adolescents with recommendations on ways of minimizing such occurrences. However , the paper emphasizes so much on opioid that other drugs like marijuana and heroin are scantily mentioned. Connection with relevant readings in the course This paper is quite relevant to the course given that it talks about drug abuse and its effect in society. Furthermore, it becomes more relevant since it emphasizes on adolescents who are notorious for drug abuse. The paper also mentions points that are relevant to the course readings concerning abuse of marijuana, opioid analgesics, and heroin. It rates marijuana as the most commonly abused drug among adolescents and this concurs with the other course materials. Moreover, abuse of opioid is placed second, which concurs with other resources. Finally, the sources utilized in its research are among those utilized in the other course materials. Response The article is important in contributing to my understanding of the prevalence of opioid analgesics among adolescents. Moreover, it adds to my knowledge on the causes of rise in addi ction among the youth. The paper is therefore well connected with my course. It improves my knowledge of the possible mechanisms needed to avert the rising number of adolescents abusing prescription drugs, among others. The article is engaging and appealing to readers. It calls for further research on ways of minimizing drug abuse in adolescents. Reference Compton, W. Volkow, N. (2006). Major increases in opioid analgesic abuse in the United States: Concerns and strategies. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81,103–107. Retrieved from https://www.uvm.edu/ This essay on Marijuana, heroin and prescription opiate abuse and how are they related to the society was written and submitted by user Donovan Rodriguez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.